Credit accumulation

Credit accumulation should be understood as the collection of confirmed (as a result of validation) sets of learning outcomes that are part of the requirements for attaining a qualification as defined in its description.

Learning outcomes can be confirmed (and accumulated) only as distinguished sets presented in the description of a qualification. In Poland, the possibility of accumulating credits was introduced on a large scale in 2005 in higher education with the implementation of the Bologna Process, one element of which is the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS).

The European System of Credit Accumulation and Transfer in Vocational Education and Training (ECVET) is also being implemented in EU countries. With the reforms begun in 2012, Poland's formal vocational education and training system introduced basic solutions enabling credit accumulation and transfer.